| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
There has been tremendous growth in our knowledge about the multiple interacting mechanisms that regulate renal microvascular function. Paracrine signals originating from endothelial and epithelial cells exert profound influences on the basal tone and reactivity of the pre- and postglomerular arterioles. Selective responsiveness of these arterioles to various stimuli is possible because of differential activating mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells of afferent and efferent arterioles. Afferent arterioles rely predominantly on voltage-dependent calcium channels, while efferent arterioles utilize other mechanisms for calcium entry as well as intracellular calcium mobilization. The autoregulatory responses of preglomerular arterioles exemplify the selectivity of these complex control mechanisms. The myogenic mechanism responds to increases in renal perfusion pressure through "stretch-activated" cation channels that lead to depolarization, calcium entry, and vascular contraction. Autoregulatory efficiency is enhanced by the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) mechanism which responds to flow-dependent changes in tubular fluid composition at the level of the macula densa and transmits signals to the afferent arterioles to alter the activation state of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Recent studies have implicated extracellular ATP as one paracrine factor mediating TGF and autoregulatory related signals to the afferent arterioles. Other paracrine agents including nitric oxide, angiotensin II, adenosine, and arachidonic acid metabolites modulate vascular responsiveness in order to maintain an optimal balance between the metabolically determined reabsorptive capabilities of the tubules and the hemodynamically dependent filtered load.
renal autoregulation; tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism; calcium channels; angiotensin II; extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate; nitric oxide; arachidonic acid metabolites
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Yao, T. Oite, and M. Kitamura Gap junctional intercellular communication in the juxtaglomerular apparatus Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2009; 296(5): F939 - F946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. T. Botros, M. C. Prieto-Carrasquero, V. L. Martin, and L. G. Navar Heme oxygenase induction attenuates afferent arteriolar autoregulatory responses Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2008; 295(4): F904 - F911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. A. Cupples and B. Braam Assessment of renal autoregulation Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2007; 292(4): F1105 - F1123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Franco, F. Martinez, B. Rodriguez-Iturbe, R. J. Johnson, J. Santamaria, A. Montoya, T. Nepomuceno, R. Bautista, E. Tapia, and J. Herrera-Acosta Angiotensin II, interstitial inflammation, and the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2006; 291(6): F1281 - F1287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Carroll, A. B. Doumad, J. Li, M. K. Cheng, J. R. Falck, and J. C. McGiff Adenosine2A receptor vasodilation of rat preglomerular microvessels is mediated by EETs that activate the cAMP/PKA pathway Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, July 1, 2006; 291(1): F155 - F161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Loutzenhiser Inward rectifier currents in pericytes Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): R1598 - R1600. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Fuller, B. C. Hauschild, R. Gonzalez-Villalobos, M. S. Awayda, J. D. Imig, E. W. Inscho, and L. G. Navar Calcium and chloride channel activation by angiotensin II-AT1 receptors in preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): F760 - F767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Kawada, K. Dennehy, G. Solis, P. Modlinger, R. Hamel, J. T. Kawada, S. Aslam, T. Moriyama, E. Imai, W. J. Welch, et al. TP receptors regulate renal hemodynamics during angiotensin II slow pressor response Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): F753 - F759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Yu, B. B. Davis, C. Morisseau, B. D. Hammock, J. L. Olson, D. L. Kroetz, and R. H. Weiss Vascular localization of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the human kidney Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2004; 286(4): F720 - F726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Racasan, J. A. Joles, P. Boer, H. A. Koomans, and B. Braam NO dependency of RBF and autoregulation in the spontaneously hypertensive rat Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): F105 - F112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Cheng, J. C. McGiff, and M. A. Carroll Renal arterial 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels: regulation by cyclooxygenase Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, March 1, 2003; 284(3): F474 - F479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Nishiyama and L. G. Navar ATP mediates tubuloglomerular feedback Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2002; 283(1): R273 - R275. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Nishiyama and L. G. Navar Response to J. Schnermann: Adenosine mediates tubuloglomerular feedback Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2002; 283(1): Ra278 - Ra280. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Walker III, L. M. Harrison-Bernard, A. K. Cook, and L. G. Navar Dynamic interaction between myogenic and TGF mechanisms in afferent arteriolar blood flow autoregulation Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, November 1, 2000; 279(5): F858 - F865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Kramp, P. Fourmanoir, L. Ladriere, E. Joly, C. Gerbaux, A. el Hajjam, and N. Caron Effects of Ca2+ channel activity on renal hemodynamics during acute attenuation of NO synthesis in the rat Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, April 1, 2000; 278(4): F561 - F569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Braam Renal endothelial and macula densa NOS: integrated response to changes in extracellular fluid volume Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 1999; 276(6): R1551 - R1561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. A. Janssen, E. V. Lukoshkova, and G. A. Head Sympathetic modulation of renal blood flow by rilmenidine and captopril: central vs. peripheral effects Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): F113 - F123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Nishiyama, S. Kimura, T. Fukui, M. Rahman, H. Yoneyama, H. Kosaka, and Y. Abe Blood flow-dependent changes in renal interstitial guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in rabbits Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2002; 282(2): F238 - F244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
