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1 Department of Histopathology,
Arginase shares a common substrate, L-arginine, with
nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Both enzymes are active at inflammatory sites. To understand regulation of arginase and its relationship to
nitric oxide (NO) production, we studied effects of
NG-hydroxy-L-arginine
(HOArg) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) on urea and
synthesis by glomeruli during rat
immune glomerulonephritis and compared these with macrophages and
glomerular mesangial cells (MC). In nephritic glomeruli, elicited
macrophages, and MC stimulated with IL-1 and adenosine
3',5'-cyclic monophosphate agonists, increased arginase and
induced NOS activity was found. Urea production was inhibited by HOArg
and increased by IL-4. NO inhibition
[NG-monomethyl-L-arginine
(L-NMMA)] increased
arginase activity in nephritic glomeruli and macrophages but not MC.
synthesis was inhibited by
L-NMMA and IL-4. It was
increased with HOArg under conditions of NO inhibition. In contrast, in
normal glomeruli and basal MC, where there was no induced NO synthesis, IL-4 had no effect on arginase activity, whereas HOArg consistently reduced it in glomeruli only. Type II arginase (Arg II) mRNA was detected in normal glomeruli; nephritic glomeruli expressed both Arg I
and Arg II mRNAs. This is the first demonstration of arginase modulation in glomeruli and MC and of the expression of arginase isoforms in glomeruli. The differential responses to two endogenous compounds generated by inflammation suggest this may be part of coordinated regulation of arginase and inducible NOS in immune injury,
whereby arginase is inhibited during high-output NO production and
stimulated with NO suppression. This, together with control of arginase
and NOS isoforms, may be important in controlling the balance of
inflammatory and repair mechanisms.
glomerulonephritis; nitric oxide; L-arginine; N G-hydroxy-L-arginine; adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; macrophages; interleukin-4
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