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1 Division of Nephrology and 2 Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and John. L. McClellan Veterans Affairs Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
Extracellular ATP affects a wide variety of cells via purinergic
membrane receptors. One class of purinergic receptors, P2X, consists of
ATP-gated, calcium-permeable, cation-selective channels. We performed
whole cell patch-clamp studies, intracellular calcium concentration
([Ca2+]i)
measurements, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to determine whether P2X receptors are expressed
in LLC-PK1 cells. First, in
patch-clamp studies, 100 µM ATP depolarized the cell membrane and
increased the whole cell conductance of
LLC-PK1 cells. This response was
dose dependent and inhibited by 100 µM suramin, a P2 receptor
antagonist. The ATP-induced conductance was cation selective but did
not discriminate between Na+ and
K+. ADP,
,
-methylene-ATP,
and
,
-methylene-ATP had no effect on the whole cell conductance.
Next, 10 µM ATP caused a rapid rise in
[Ca2+]i
in LLC-PK1 cells. This effect of
ATP was inhibited by the absence of extracellular calcium and by
suramin but not by pretreatment with pertussis toxin. ADP and
,
-methylene- ATP had little or no effect on
[Ca2+]i.
Finally, RT-PCR produced a 330-bp fragment from
LLC-PK1 cell RNA, whose sequence
was 80% identical to the rat P2X1
receptor. We conclude that LLC-PK1
cells express purinergic receptors of the P2X class, which mediate
depolarization and calcium entry when activated.
renal epithelial cells; patch clamp; adenosine 5'-triphosphate; purinergic receptors; intracellular calcium
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