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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 275: F777-F784, 1998;
0363-6127/98 $5.00
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Vol. 275, Issue 5, F777-F784, November 1998

Dietary lipids regulate beta -oxidation enzyme gene expression in the developing rat kidney

F. Ouali, F. Djouadi, C. Merlet-Bénichou, and J. Bastin

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 319, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France

This study examines the ability of dietary lipids to regulate gene expression of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid beta -oxidation enzymes in the kidney cortex and medulla of 3-wk-old rats and evaluates the role of glucagon or of the alpha -isoform of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARalpha ) in mediating beta -oxidation enzyme gene regulation in the immature kidney. The long-chain (LCAD) and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (MCAD) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) mRNA levels were found coordinately upregulated in renal cortex, but not in medulla, of pups weaned on a high-fat diet from day 16 to 21. Further results establish that switching pups from a low- to a high-fat diet for only 1 day was sufficient to induce large increases in cortical LCAD, MCAD, and ACO mRNA levels, and gavage experiments show that this upregulation of beta -oxidation gene expression is initiated within 6 h following lipid ingestion. Treatment of pups with clofibrate, a PPARalpha agonist, demonstrated that PPARalpha can mediate regulation of cortical beta -oxidation enzyme gene expression, whereas glucagon was found ineffective. Thus dietary lipids physiologically regulate gene expression of mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta -oxidation enzymes in the renal cortex of suckling pups, and this might involve PPARalpha -mediated mechanisms.

energy metabolism; postnatal period; mitochondria; peroxisome; gene regulation; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor


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