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1 Department of Medicine, 2 Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, and Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Durham 27710; 4 Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27257; 5 Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599; and 3 Department of Pharmacology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45401
Mice lacking AT1A
receptors for ANG II have a defect in urinary concentration manifested
by an inability to increase urinary osmolality to levels seen in
controls after thirsting. This defect results in extreme serum
hypertonicity during water deprivation. In the basal state, plasma
vasopressin levels are similar in wild-type controls and
Agtr1a
/
mice. Plasma
vasopressin levels increase normally in the
AT1A receptor-deficient mice after
24 h of water deprivation, suggesting that the defect in urine
concentration is intrinsic to the kidney. Using magnetic resonance
microscopy, we find that the absence of
AT1A receptors is associated with a modest reduction in the distance from the kidney surface to the tip
of the papilla. However, this structural abnormality seems to play
little role in the urinary concentrating defect in
Agtr1a
/
mice since the
impairment is largely reproduced in wild-type mice by treatment with an
AT1-receptor antagonist. These
studies demonstrate a critical role for the
AT1A receptor in maintaining inner
medullary structures in the kidney and in regulating renal water excretion.
gene targeting; urinary concentration; magnetic resonance microscopy; papilla; vasopressin
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