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Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80336 Munich, Germany
Embryonic
epithelial membrane transporters are organized into transporter
families that are functional in several epithelial organs, namely, in
kidney, lung, pancreas, intestine, and salivary gland. Family members
(subtypes) are developmentally expressed in plasma membranes in
temporospatial patterns that are 1) similar for one subtype
within different organs, like aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in lung and kidney;
2) different between subtypes within the same organ, like
the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in lung; and
3) apparently matched among members of different transporter
families, as 
-ENaC with AQP1 and -4 in lung and with AQP2 in kidney.
Finally, comparison of temporal expression patterns in early embryonic
development of transporters from different families [e.g., cystic
fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), ENaC, and outer
medullary potassium channel] suggests regulatory activating or
inactivating interactions in defined morphogenic periods. This review
focuses on embryonic patterns, at the mRNA and immunoprotein level, of
the following transporter entities expressed in epithelial cell plasma
membranes: ENaC; the chloride transporters CFTR, ClC-2,
bumetanide-sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporter, Cl/OH, and
Cl/HCO3; the sodium glucose transporter-glucose transporter; the sodium/hydrogen exchanger; the sodium-phosphate cotransporter; the ATPases; and AQP. The purpose of this article is
to relate temporal and spatial expression patterns in embryonic and in
early postnatal epithelia to developmental changes in organ structure
and function.
embryonic epithelia; membrane transporter; ion channel; morphogenesis
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