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1 Renal Service and Department of Immunobiology (INBIOMED), Hospital Universitario de la Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001-A, Venezuela; 2 Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; 3 Nephrology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City 4080, Mexico; and 4 Laboratorio de Nefrología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autómona University, Madrid 28040, Spain
Recent studies have
suggested that subtle microvascular and tubulointerstitial injury in
the kidney can cause salt-sensitive hypertension. To test this
hypothesis, we determined whether the mild renal disease induced by
transient blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis would result in
salt-sensitive hypertension and whether prevention of the renal injury
by coadministration of the immunosuppressive agent mycophenolate
mofetil (MMF) would block the development of salt sensitivity.
N
-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester
(L-NAME; 70 mg/100 ml in the drinking water) was
administered for 3 wk to rats with or without MMF (30 mg · kg
1 · day
1 by gastric
gavage), followed by a 1-wk "washout" period in which the MMF was
continued, which was followed in turn by placement on a high-salt (4%
NaCl) diet for an additional 4 wk. Renal histology was examined at 3 and 8 wk, and blood pressure was measured serially. L-NAME treatment resulted in acute hypertension and the
development of mild renal injury. During the washout period, blood
pressure returned to normal, only to return to the hypertensive range
on exposure of the animals to a high-salt diet. MMF treatment prevented the development of hypertension in response to a high-salt diet. This
correlated with the ability of MMF to inhibit specific aspects of the
renal injury, including the development of segmental
glomerulosclerosis, the infiltration of T cells and ANG II-positive
cells, and the thickening of afferent arterioles.
lymphocytes; nitric oxide inhibition; angiotensin II-positive cells
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