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Divisions of 1 Hypertension and 4 Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, and 3 Biomathematics Resource, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
To assess the reliability of electron beam computed tomography (EBCT), measurements of single-kidney renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and intratubular contrast medium concentration (ITC) of radiographic contrast media were quantified in anesthetized pigs before and after acetylcholine-induced vasodilation and diuresis. EBCT measurements were compared with those obtained with intravascular Doppler and inulin clearance. The capability of EBCT to detect chronic changes in single-kidney function was evaluated in pigs with unilateral renal artery stenosis, and their long-term reproducibility in normal pigs was studied repeatedly at 1-mo intervals. EBCT-RBF (ml/min) correlated with Doppler-RBF as RBFEBCT = 45 + 1.07 * RBFDoppler, r = 0.81. EBCT-GFR (ml/min) correlated with inulin clearance as GFREBCT = 11.7 + 1.02 * GFRinulin, r = 0.80. During vasodilation, RBF and GFR increased, whereas ITC decreased along the nephron. In renal artery stenosis, single-kidney GFR decreased linearly with the degree of stenosis, and ITC increased along the nephron, indicating increased fluid reabsorption. EBCT-RBF, GFR, and ITC were similar among repeated measurements. This approach might be invaluable for simultaneous quantification of regional hemodynamics and function in the intact kidneys, in a manner potentially applicable to humans.
renal blood flow; glomerular filtration rate; electron beam computed tomography
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