| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Medizinische Universitätsklinik und Zentrallabor, Kantonsspital Bruderholz, CH-4101 Bruderholz/Basel; 2 Institut für klinische Chemie und Hämatologie, Kantonsspital, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and 3 Genentech, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990
A Western-type diet is associated with osteoporosis and calcium nephrolithiasis. On the basis of observations that calcium retention and inhibition of bone resorption result from alkali administration, it is assumed that the acid load inherent in this diet is responsible for increased bone resorption and calcium loss from bone. However, it is not known whether the dietary acid load acts directly or indirectly (i.e., via endocrine changes) on bone metabolism. It is also unclear whether alkali administration affects bone resorption/calcium balance directly or whether alkali-induced calcium retention is dependent on the cation (i.e., potassium) supplied with administered base. The effects of neutralization of dietary acid load (equimolar amounts of NaHCO3 and KHCO3 substituted for NaCl and KCl) in nine healthy subjects (6 men, 3 women) under metabolic balance conditions on calcium balance, bone markers, and endocrine systems relevant to bone [glucocorticoid secretion, IGF-1, parathyroid hormone (PTH)/1,25(OH)2 vitamin D and thyroid hormones] were studied. Neutralization for 7 days induced a significant cumulative calcium retention (10.7 ± 0.4 mmol) and significantly reduced the urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, pyridinoline, and n-telopeptide. Mean daily plasma cortisol decreased from 264 ± 45 to 232 ± 43 nmol/l (P = 0.032), and urinary excretion of tetrahydrocortisol (THF) decreased from 2,410 ± 210 to 2,098 ± 190 µg/24 h (P = 0.027). No significant effect was found on free IGF-1, PTH/1,25(OH)2 vitamin D, or thyroid hormones. An acidogenic Western diet results in mild metabolic acidosis in association with a state of cortisol excess, altered divalent ion metabolism, and increased bone resorptive indices. Acidosis-induced increases in cortisol secretion and plasma concentration may play a role in mild acidosis-induced alterations in bone metabolism and possibly in osteoporosis associated with an acidogenic Western diet.
glucocorticoid; acid-base; potassium; acidosis; osteoporosis
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. M Macdonald, A. C Hardcastle, and W. D Fraser Meta-analysis of the quantity of calcium excretion associated with net acid excretion: caution advised Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2009; 89(3): 926 - 927. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. R Fenton, M. Eliasziw, A. W Lyon, S. C Tough, and D. A Hanley Meta-analysis of the quantity of calcium excretion associated with the net acid excretion of the modern diet under the acid-ash diet hypothesis Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2008; 88(4): 1159 - 1166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P Heaney and D. K Layman Amount and type of protein influences bone health Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1567S - 1570S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Remer, T. Dimitriou, and C. Maser-Gluth Renal Net Acid Excretion and Plasma Leptin Are Associated with Potentially Bioactive Free Glucocorticoids in Healthy Lean Women J. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 138(2): 426S - 430S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. A. Frassetto, R. C. Morris Jr., and A. Sebastian Dietary sodium chloride intake independently predicts the degree of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in healthy humans consuming a net acid-producing diet Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, August 1, 2007; 293(2): F521 - F525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Jehle, A. Zanetti, J. Muser, H. N. Hulter, and R. Krapf Partial Neutralization of the Acidogenic Western Diet with Potassium Citrate Increases Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2006; 17(11): 3213 - 3222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Felsenfeld and B. S. Levine Milk Alkali Syndrome and the Dynamics of Calcium Homeostasis Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2006; 1(4): 641 - 654. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R Zwart, A. R Hargens, and S. M Smith The ratio of animal protein intake to potassium intake is a predictor of bone resorption in space flight analogues and in ambulatory subjects Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2004; 80(4): 1058 - 1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
