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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 284: F267-F273, 2003. First published October 15, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00271.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 2, F267-F273, February 2003

A3 adenosine receptor knockout mice are protected against ischemia- and myoglobinuria-induced renal failure

H. Thomas Lee1, Ayuko Ota-Setlik1, Hua Xu1, Vivette D. D'Agati2, Marlene A. Jacobson3, and Charles W. Emala1

1 Department of Anesthesiology and 2 Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032; and 3 Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486

A3 adenosine receptor (AR) activation and inhibition worsen and improve, respectively, renal function after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. We sought to further characterize the role of A3 ARs in modulating renal function after either I/R or myoglobinuric renal injury. A3 knockout mice had significantly lower plasma creatinines compared with C57 controls 24 h after I/R or myoglobinuric renal injury. C57 control mice pretreated with the A3 AR antagonist [3-ethyl-5-benzyl-2-methyl-4-phenylethynyl-6-phenyl-1,4-(±)-dihydropyridine-3,5 dicarboxylate] or agonist [0.125 mg/kg N6-(3-iodobenzyl)-N-methyl-5'-carbamoyladenosine (IB-MECA)] demonstrated improved or worsened renal function, respectively, after I/R or myoglobinuric renal injury. Higher doses of IB-MECA were lethal in C57 mice subjected to renal ischemia. H1 but not H2 histamine receptor antagonist prevented death in mice pretreated with IB-MECA before renal ischemia. Improvement in renal function was associated with significantly improved renal histology. In conclusion, preischemic A3 AR activation (0.125 mg/kg IB-MECA) exacerbated renal I/R injury in mice. Mice lacking A3 ARs or blocking A3 ARs in wild-type mice resulted in significant renal protection from ischemic or myoglobinuric renal failure.

acute renal failure; histamine; ischemic-reperfusion injury


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