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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 286: F233-F243, 2004. First published September 30, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00179.2003
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Inhibition of endocytosis causes phosphorylation (S256)-independent plasma membrane accumulation of AQP2

Hua Lu,* Tian-Xiao Sun,* Richard Bouley, Karen Blackburn, Margaret McLaughlin, and Dennis Brown

Program in Membrane Biology and Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114

Submitted 8 May 2003 ; accepted in final form 24 September 2003

Inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis by expression of a GTPase-deficient dynamin mutant (dynamin-2/K44A) for 16 h results in an accumulation of plasma membrane aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in epithelial cells stably transfected with wild-type AQP2. We now show a similar effect of K44A dynamin in LLC-PK1 cells transfected with an S256 phosphorylation-deficient AQP2 mutant, AQP2(S256A), and in AQP2-transfected inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. More acute blockade of endocytosis in these cells with the cholesterol-depleting agent methyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin (m{beta}CD; 10 mM) resulted in a rapid and extensive cell-surface accumulation of both wild-type AQP2 and AQP2 (S256A) within 15 min after treatment. This effect was similar to that induced by treatment of the cells with vasopressin. Blockade of endocytosis by m{beta}CD was confirmed using quantitative analysis of FITC-dextran uptake and AQP2 membrane insertion was verified by cell-surface biotinylation. These data indicate that AQP2 recycles constitutively and rapidly between intracellular stores and the cell surface in LLC-PK1 and IMCD cells. The constitutive trafficking process is not dependent on phosphorylation of the serine-256 residue of AQP2, which is, however, an essential step for regulated vasopressin/cAMP-mediated translocation of AQP2. Our data show that rapid and extensive plasma membrane accumulation of AQP2 can occur in a vasopressin receptor (V2R)- and phosphorylation-independent manner, pointing to a potential means of bypassing the mutated V2R in X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus to achieve cell surface expression of AQP2.

inner medullary collecting duct; aquaporin-2; methyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin



Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: D. Brown, Program in Membrane Biology, Renal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital East, 149 13th St., Charlestown, MA 02129 (E-mail: brown{at}receptor.mgh.harvard.edu).




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