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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 286: F1005-F1011, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00013.2004
0363-6127/04 $5.00
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INVITED REVIEW

Role of the calcium-sensing receptor in parathyroid gland physiology

Randolph A. Chen and William G. Goodman

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) represents the molecular mechanism by which parathyroid cells detect changes in blood ionized calcium concentration and modulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion to maintain serum calcium levels within a narrow physiological range. Much has been learned in recent years about the diversity of signal transduction through the CaSR and the various factors that affect receptor expression. Beyond its classic role as a determinant of calcium-regulated PTH secretion, signaling through the CaSR also influences both gene transcription and cell proliferation in parathyroid cells. The CaSR thus serves a broad physiological role by integrating several distinct aspects of parathyroid gland function. The current review summarizes recent developments that enhance our understanding of the CaSR and its fundamental importance in parathyroid gland physiology.

hyperparathyroidism; parathyroid hormone secretion; vitamin D; parathyroid gland hyperplasia; calcimimetic


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: W. G. Goodman, Div. of Nephrology, 7–155 Factor Bldg., UCLA Medical Ctr., 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angles, CA 90095.




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