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Resistance to oxidative stress by chronic infusion of angiotensin II in mouse kidney is not mediated by the AT₂ receptor

Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands

Submitted 25 August 2004 ; accepted in final form 11 February 2005

Wild-type mice are resistant to ANG II-induced renal injury and hence form an attractive model to study renal defense against ANG II. The present study tested whether ANG II induces expression of antioxidative genes via the AT₂ receptor in renal cortex and thereby counteracts prooxidative forces. ANG II was infused in female C57BL/6J mice for 28 days and a subgroup received AT₂ receptor antagonist (PD-123,319) for the last 3 days. ANG II induced hypertension and aortic hypertrophy; proteinuria and renal injury were absent. Urinary nitric oxide metabolites (NO_x) were decreased, and lipid peroxide (TBARS) excretion remained unchanged. Expression of NADPH oxidase components was decreased in renal cortex but induced in aorta. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was induced in both renal cortex and aorta. In contrast, ANG II suggestively increased AT₂ receptor expression in kidney but not in aorta. AT₂ receptor blockade enhanced hypertension in ANG II-infused mice, reversed ANG II effects on NO_x excretion, but did not affect TBARS. Despite its prohypertensive effect, expression of prooxidative genes in the renal cortex decreased rather than increased after short-term AT₂ receptor blockade and renal HO-1 induction after ANG II was normalized. Thus chronic ANG II infusion in mice induces hypertension but not oxidative stress. In contrast to the response in aorta, gene expression of components of NADPH-oxidase was not enhanced in renal cortex. Although ANG II administration induced renal cortical AT₂ receptor expression, blockade of that receptor did not unveil the AT₂ receptor as intrarenal dampening factor of prooxidative forces.

mice; renin-angiotensin system; heme oxygenase-1; free radicals; NADPH-oxidase

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