| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
INVITED REVIEW
Renal Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
The vitamin D endocrine system plays an essential role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, but research during the past two decades has revealed a diverse range of biological actions that include induction of cell differentiation, inhibition of cell growth, immunomodulation, and control of other hormonal systems. Vitamin D itself is a prohormone that is metabolically converted to the active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. This vitamin D hormone activates its cellular receptor (vitamin D receptor or VDR), which alters the transcription rates of target genes responsible for the biological responses. This review focuses on several recent developments that extend our understanding of the complexities of vitamin D metabolism and actions: the final step in the activation of vitamin D, conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1,25(OH)2D in renal proximal tubules, is now known to involve facilitated uptake and intracellular delivery of the precursor to 1
-hydroxylase. Emerging evidence using mice lacking the VDR and/or 1-hydroxylase indicates both 1,25(OH)2D3-dependent and -independent actions of the VDR as well as VDR-dependent and -independent actions of 1,25(OH)2D3. Thus the vitamin D system may involve more than a single receptor and ligand. The presence of 1-hydroxylase in many target cells indicates autocrine/paracrine functions for 1,25(OH)2D3 in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. This local production of 1,25(OH)2D3 is dependent on circulating precursor levels, providing a potential explanation for the association of vitamin D deficiency with various cancers and autoimmune diseases.
vitamin D metabolism; vitamin D receptor; calcium homeostasis; transcriptional regulation; rapid steroid actions
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. Jean, J.-C. Souberbielle, and C. Chazot Monthly cholecalciferol administration in haemodialysis patients: a simple and efficient strategy for vitamin D supplementation Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., December 1, 2009; 24(12): 3799 - 3805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. H. Chou, T. K. Chung, and B. Yu Effects of supplemental 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune response of broiler chickens Poult. Sci., November 1, 2009; 88(11): 2333 - 2341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Eloranta, C. Hiller, S. Hausler, B. Stieger, and G. A. Kullak-Ublick Vitamin D3 and Its Nuclear Receptor Increase the Expression and Activity of the Human Proton-Coupled Folate Transporter Mol. Pharmacol., November 1, 2009; 76(5): 1062 - 1071. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Okamura, Y. Takano, Y. Saito, J. Yao, and M. Kitamura Induction of nephrin gene expression by selective cooperation of the retinoic acid receptor and the vitamin D receptor Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., October 1, 2009; 24(10): 3006 - 3012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Jenab, J. McKay, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita, F. J.B. van Duijnhoven, P. Ferrari, N. Slimani, E. H.J.M. Jansen, T. Pischon, S. Rinaldi, A. Tjonneland, et al. Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium Sensing Receptor Polymorphisms and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in European Populations Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2009; 18(9): 2485 - 2491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. KRIEBITZSCH, L. VERLINDEN, G. EELEN, B. K. TAN, M. VAN CAMP, R. BOUILLON, and A. VERSTUYF The Impact of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its Structural Analogs on Gene Expression in Cancer Cells - A Microarray Approach Anticancer Res, September 1, 2009; 29(9): 3471 - 3483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. MOAN, A. DAHLBACK, Z. LAGUNOVA, E. CICARMA, and A. C. POROJNICU Solar Radiation, Vitamin D and Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Norway Anticancer Res, September 1, 2009; 29(9): 3501 - 3509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Agarwal Vitamin D, Proteinuria, Diabetic Nephropathy, and Progression of CKD Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2009; 4(9): 1523 - 1528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kalantar-Zadeh and C. P. Kovesdy Clinical Outcomes with Active versus Nutritional Vitamin D Compounds in Chronic Kidney Disease Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2009; 4(9): 1529 - 1539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. N. Artaza, R. Mehrotra, and K. C. Norris Vitamin D and the Cardiovascular System Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2009; 4(9): 1515 - 1522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Egbuna, S. Quinn, L. Kantham, R. Butters, J. Pang, M. Pollak, D. Goltzman, and E. Brown The full-length calcium-sensing receptor dampens the calcemic response to 1{alpha},25(OH)2 vitamin D3 in vivo independently of parathyroid hormone Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2009; 297(3): F720 - F728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Matsui, T. Hamano, K. Tomida, K. Inoue, Y. Takabatake, Y. Nagasawa, N. Kawada, T. Ito, H. Kawachi, H. Rakugi, et al. Active vitamin D and its analogue, 22-oxacalcitriol, ameliorate puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis in rats Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., August 1, 2009; 24(8): 2354 - 2361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. H. de Boer, B. Kestenbaum, A. B. Shoben, E. D. Michos, M. J. Sarnak, and D. S. Siscovick 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Inversely Associate with Risk for Developing Coronary Artery Calcification J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2009; 20(8): 1805 - 1812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. V. Barreto, F. C. Barreto, S. Liabeuf, M. Temmar, F. Boitte, G. Choukroun, A. Fournier, and Z. A. Massy Vitamin D Affects Survival Independently of Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2009; 4(6): 1128 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Zittermann, S. S. Schleithoff, S. Frisch, C. Gotting, J. Kuhn, H. Koertke, K. Kleesiek, G. Tenderich, and R. Koerfer Circulating Calcitriol Concentrations and Total Mortality Clin. Chem., June 1, 2009; 55(6): 1163 - 1170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. E. Wong, F. L. Szeto, W. Zhang, H. Ye, J. Kong, Z. Zhang, X. J. Sun, and Y. C. Li Involvement of the vitamin D receptor in energy metabolism: regulation of uncoupling proteins Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2009; 296(4): E820 - E828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Tentori, J. M. Albert, E. W. Young, M. J. Blayney, B. M. Robinson, R. L. Pisoni, T. Akiba, R. N. Greenwood, N. Kimata, N. W. Levin, et al. The survival advantage for haemodialysis patients taking vitamin D is questioned: findings from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., March 1, 2009; 24(3): 963 - 972. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Evenepoel, B. Van Den Bergh, M. Naesens, H. De Jonge, B. Bammens, K. Claes, D. Kuypers, and Y. Vanrenterghem Calcium Metabolism in the Early Posttransplantation Period Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2009; 4(3): 665 - 672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Matias, C. Ferreira, C. Jorge, M. Borges, I. Aires, T. Amaral, C. Gil, J. Cortez, and A. Ferreira 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, arterial calcifications and cardiovascular risk markers in haemodialysis patients Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., February 1, 2009; 24(2): 611 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. N Artaza and K. C Norris Vitamin D reduces the expression of collagen and key profibrotic factors by inducing an antifibrotic phenotype in mesenchymal multipotent cells J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2009; 200(2): 207 - 221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. E. Christensen, P. H Nissen, P. Vestergaard, L. Heickendorff, L. Rejnmark, K. Brixen, and L. Mosekilde Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and parathyroid hormone in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism Eur. J. Endocrinol., December 1, 2008; 159(6): 719 - 727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Chen, D. J. Glenn, W. Ni, C. L. Grigsby, K. Olsen, M. Nishimoto, C. S. Law, and D. G. Gardner Expression of the Vitamin D Receptor Is Increased in the Hypertrophic Heart Hypertension, December 1, 2008; 52(6): 1106 - 1112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Carter, S. E. O'Riordan, G. L. Eaglestone, M. P. Delaney, and E. J. Lamb Bone mineral metabolism and its relationship to kidney disease in a residential care home population: a cross-sectional study Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2008; 23(11): 3554 - 3565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Jean, J.-C. Terrat, T. Vanel, J.-M. Hurot, C. Lorriaux, B. Mayor, and C. Chazot Daily oral 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation for vitamin D deficiency in haemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism and bone markers Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2008; 23(11): 3670 - 3676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. J. Lee, S. Paul, N. Atalla, P. E. Thomas, X. Lin, I. Yang, B. Buckley, G. Lu, X. Zheng, Y.-R. Lou, et al. Gemini Vitamin D Analogues Inhibit Estrogen Receptor-Positive and Estrogen Receptor-Negative Mammary Tumorigenesis without Hypercalcemic Toxicity Cancer Prevention Research, November 1, 2008; 1(6): 476 - 484. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Leventis and S. Patel Clinical aspects of vitamin D in the management of rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatology, November 1, 2008; 47(11): 1617 - 1621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Al-Badr and K. J. Martin Vitamin D and Kidney Disease Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2008; 3(5): 1555 - 1560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Dobnig, S. Pilz, H. Scharnagl, W. Renner, U. Seelhorst, B. Wellnitz, J. Kinkeldei, B. O. Boehm, G. Weihrauch, and W. Maerz Independent Association of Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Arch Intern Med, June 23, 2008; 168(12): 1340 - 1349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Olgaard and E. Lewin Use (or misuse) of vitamin D treatment in CKD and dialysis patients: A recent meta-analysis on vitamin D compounds in chronic kidney disease [1] and an editorial comment [2] accompanying this meta-analysis have already been published. We believe that these papers deserve some comments in the interest of the NDT readership Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., June 1, 2008; 23(6): 1786 - 1789. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Praslickova, S. Sharif, A. Sarson, M. F. Abdul-Careem, D. Zadworny, A. Kulenkamp, G. Ansah, and U. Kuhnlein Association of a Marker in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene with Marek's Disease Resistance in Poultry Poult. Sci., June 1, 2008; 87(6): 1112 - 1119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Shroff, M. Egerton, M. Bridel, V. Shah, A. E. Donald, T. J. Cole, M. P. Hiorns, J. E. Deanfield, and L. Rees A Bimodal Association of Vitamin D Levels and Vascular Disease in Children on Dialysis J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2008; 19(6): 1239 - 1246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Lomonte, L. Vernaglione, D. Chimienti, A. Bruno, S. Cocola, A. Teutonico, F. Cazzato, and C. Basile Does Vitamin D Receptor and Calcium Receptor Activation Therapy Play a Role in the Histopathologic Alterations of Parathyroid Glands in Refractory Uremic Hyperparathyroidism? Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2008; 3(3): 794 - 799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. A. Bushinsky and P. Messa Efficacy of Early Treatment with Calcimimetics in Combination with Reduced Doses of Vitamin D Sterols in Dialysis Patients NDT Plus, January 1, 2008; 1(suppl_1): i18 - i23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. M. de Francisco and F. Carrera A New Paradigm for the Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism NDT Plus, January 1, 2008; 1(suppl_1): i24 - i28. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. J. Lee, Y. Ji, S. Paul, H. Maehr, M. Uskokovic, and N. Suh Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling by a Gemini Vitamin D3 Analogue Is Mediated by Ras/Protein Kinase C{alpha} Cancer Res., December 15, 2007; 67(24): 11840 - 11847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. E. Willnow, A. Hammes, and S. Eaton Lipoproteins and their receptors in embryonic development: more than cholesterol clearance Development, September 15, 2007; 134(18): 3239 - 3249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. F. Holick Vitamin D Deficiency N. Engl. J. Med., July 19, 2007; 357(3): 266 - 281. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Drueke, D. Martin, and M. Rodriguez Can calcimimetics inhibit parathyroid hyperplasia? Evidence from preclinical studies Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., July 1, 2007; 22(7): 1828 - 1839. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Mizobuchi, J. Morrissey, J. L. Finch, D. R. Martin, H. Liapis, T. Akizawa, and E. Slatopolsky Combination Therapy with an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and a Vitamin D Analog Suppresses the Progression of Renal Insufficiency in Uremic Rats J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2007; 18(6): 1796 - 1806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Schwalfenberg Not enough vitamin D: Health consequences for Canadians Can Fam Physician, May 1, 2007; 53(5): 841 - 854. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Albert, E. A. Scheef, S. Wang, F. Mehraein, S. R. Darjatmoko, C. M. Sorenson, and N. Sheibani Calcitriol Is a Potent Inhibitor of Retinal Neovascularization Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2007; 48(5): 2327 - 2334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Takano, K. Yamauchi, N. Hiramatsu, A. Kasai, K. Hayakawa, M. Yokouchi, J. Yao, and M. Kitamura Recovery and maintenance of nephrin expression in cultured podocytes and identification of HGF as a repressor of nephrin Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): F1573 - F1582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Bosse, K. Maghni, and T. J. Hudson 1{alpha},25-Dihydroxy-vitamin D3 stimulation of bronchial smooth muscle cells induces autocrine, contractility, and remodeling processes Physiol Genomics, April 24, 2007; 29(2): 161 - 168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. T. Chang, V. S. Lee, A. J. Canchola, C. A. Clarke, D. M. Purdie, P. Reynolds, H. Anton-Culver, L. Bernstein, D. Deapen, D. Peel, et al. Diet and Risk of Ovarian Cancer in the California Teachers Study Cohort Am. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2007; 165(7): 802 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Tian, Y. Liu, L. A. Williams, and D. de Zeeuw Potential role of active vitamin D in retarding the progression of chronic kidney disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., February 1, 2007; 22(2): 321 - 328. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. T. Chang, K. M. Balter, A. Torrang, K. E. Smedby, M. Melbye, C. Sundstrom, B. Glimelius, and H.-O. Adami Nutrient Intake and Risk of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2006; 164(12): 1222 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Tan, Y. Li, and Y. Liu Paricalcitol Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Obstructive Nephropathy J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2006; 17(12): 3382 - 3393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Lammert, J M Friedman, H J Roth, R E Friedrich, L Kluwe, D Atkins, T Schooler, and V-F Mautner Vitamin D deficiency associated with number of neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1 J. Med. Genet., October 1, 2006; 43(10): 810 - 813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R.M. Francis, F.H. Anderson, S. Patel, O. Sahota, and T.P. van Staa Calcium and vitamin D in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures QJM, June 1, 2006; 99(6): 355 - 363. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M Egan Commentary: Sunlight, vitamin D, and the cancer connection revisited Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2006; 35(2): 227 - 230. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. K. Singh, R. Chauhan, and P. Kushwah Haste in Starting Therapy for Depression J Am Board Fam Med, September 1, 2005; 18(5): 445 - 445. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
