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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289: F1170-F1182, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00072.2005
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INVITED REVIEW

"Phosphatonins" and the regulation of phosphorus homeostasis

Theresa J. Berndt,1 Susan Schiavi,2 and Rajiv Kumar1

1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Mayo College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; and 2Receptor Ligand Therapeutics, Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, Massachusetts

Phosphate ions are critical for normal bone mineralization, and phosphate plays a vital role in a number of other biological processes such as signal transduction, nucleotide metabolism, and enzyme regulation. The study of rare disorders associated with renal phosphate wasting has resulted in the discovery of a number of proteins [fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), secreted frizzled related protein 4 (sFRP-4), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein, and FGF 7 (FGF-7)] that decrease renal sodium-dependent phosphate transport in vivo and in vitro. The "phosphatonins," FGF-23 and sFRP-4, also inhibit the synthesis of 1{alpha},25-dihydroxyvitamin D, leading to decreased intestinal phosphate absorption and further reduction in phosphate retention by the organism. In this review, we discuss the biological properties of these proteins, alterations in their concentrations in various clinical disorders, and their possible physiological role.

phosphate; secreted frizzled related protein 4; fibroblast growth factor 23; matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein; vitamin D


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: R. Kumar, Div. of Nephrology and Hypertension, Depts. of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Mayo College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (e-mail: rkumar{at}mayo.edu)




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