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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290: F251-F261, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00439.2004
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INVITED REVIEW

Molecular physiology of renal organic anion transporters

Takashi Sekine,1 Hiroki Miyazaki,2,3 and Hitoshi Endou2,4

1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo; 3Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto Univiversity, Kumamoto; and 4Fuji Biomedix Company, Tokyo, Japan

Recent advances in molecular biology have identified three organic anion transporter families: the organic anion transporter (OAT) family encoded by SLC22A, the organic anion transporting peptide (OATP) family encoded by SLC21A (SLCO), and the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) family encoded by ABCC. These families play critical roles in the transepithelial transport of organic anions in the kidneys as well as in other tissues such as the liver and brain. Among these families, the OAT family plays the central role in renal organic anion transport. Knowledge of these three families at the molecular level, such as substrate selectivity, tissue distribution, and gene localization, is rapidly increasing. In this review, we will give an overview of molecular information on renal organic anion transporters and describe recent topics such as the regulatory mechanisms and molecular physiology of urate transport. We will also discuss the physiological roles of each organic anion transporter in the light of the transepithelial transport of organic anions in the kidneys.

OAT; urate; organic anion transporting peptide; multidrug resistance-associated protein


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: H. Endou, Kyorin Univ. School of Medicine, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan (e-mail: endouh{at}kyorin-u.ac.jp)




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