HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (8) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by De Yoreo, J. J. Articles by Hoyer, J. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by De Yoreo, J. J. Articles by Hoyer, J. R.

INVITED REVIEW

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization

¹Biosecurity and NanoSciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; and ²University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) is the primary constituent of the majority of renal stones. Osteopontin (OPN), an aspartic acid-rich urinary protein, and citrate, a much smaller molecule, are potent inhibitors of COM crystallization at levels present in normal urine. Current concepts of the role of site-specific interactions in crystallization derived from studies of biomineralization are reviewed to provide a context for understanding modulation of COM growth at a molecular level. Results from in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses of the effects of citrate and OPN on growth verified the critical role of site-specific interactions between these growth modulators and individual steps on COM crystal surfaces. Molecular modeling investigations of interactions of citrate with steps and faces on COM crystal surfaces provided links between the stereochemistry of interaction and the binding energy levels that underlie mechanisms of growth modification and changes in overall crystal morphology. The combination of in situ AFM and molecular modeling provides new knowledge that will aid rationale design of therapeutic agents for inhibition of stone formation.

citrate; osteopontin; atomic force microscopy; biomineralization; kidney stone

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. A. Vervaet, A. Verhulst, P. C. D'Haese, and M. E. De Broe Nephrocalcinosis: new insights into mechanisms and consequences Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., July 1, 2009; 24(7): 2030 - 2035. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. L. Merchant, T. D. Cummins, D. W. Wilkey, S. A. Salyer, D. W. Powell, J. B. Klein, and E. D. Lederer Proteomic analysis of renal calculi indicates an important role for inflammatory processes in calcium stone formation Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2008; 295(4): F1254 - F1258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Mo, L. Liaw, A. P. Evan, A. J. Sommer, J. C. Lieske, and X.-R. Wu Renal calcinosis and stone formation in mice lacking osteopontin, Tamm-Horsfall protein, or both Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2007; 293(6): F1935 - F1943. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]