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Direct vasoconstrictor effect of prostaglandin E₂ on renal interlobular arteries: role of the EP3 receptor

¹Laboratory for Physiology and ²Department of Nephrology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Submitted 26 August 2005 ; accepted in final form 27 November 2006

Evidence indicates that prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) preferentially affects preglomerular renal vessels. However, whether this is limited to small-caliber arterioles or whether larger vessels farther upstream also respond to PGE₂ is currently unclear. In the present study, we first investigated the effects of PGE₂ along the preglomerular vascular tree and subsequently focused on proximal interlobular arteries (ILAs). Proximal ILAs in hydronephrotic rat kidneys as well as isolated vessels from normal kidneys constricted in response to PGE₂, both under basal conditions and after the induction of vascular tone. By contrast, smaller vessels, i.e., distal ILAs and afferent arterioles, exhibited PGE₂-induced vasodilation. Endothelium removal and pretreatment of single, isolated proximal ILAs with an EP1 receptor blocker (SC51322, 1 µmol/l) or a thromboxane A₂ receptor blocker (SQ29548, 1 µmol/l) did not prevent vasoconstriction to PGE₂. Furthermore, in the presence of SC51322, responses of these vessels to PGE₂ and the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone were superimposable, indicating that PGE₂-induced vasoconstriction is mediated by EP3 receptors on smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemical staining of proximal ILAs confirmed the presence of EP3 receptor protein on these cells and the endothelium. Adding PGE₂ to normal isolated kidneys induced a biphasic flow response, i.e., an initial flow increase at PGE₂ concentrations 0.1 µmol/l followed by a flow decrease at 1 µmol/l PGE₂. Thus our results demonstrate that PGE₂ affects multiple segments of the preglomerular vascular tree in a different way. At the level of the proximal ILAs, PGE₂ had a direct vasoconstrictor action mediated by EP3 receptors.

interlobular arteries; vasoconstriction

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