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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293: F166-F177, 2007. First published March 27, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00087.2007
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Renal localization and function of the tight junction protein, claudin-19

Susanne Angelow,1 Randa El-Husseini,1 Sanae A. Kanzawa,1 and Alan S. L. Yu1,2

1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

Submitted 19 February 2007 ; accepted in final form 17 March 2007

Claudins form a family of transmembrane tight junction proteins that play a key role in control and selectivity of paracellular transport. Mutations in claudin-19, which is expressed in kidney, retina, and myelinated peripheral neurons, were identified in familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, a hereditary disease causing renal Mg2+ and Ca2+ wasting. Here, we studied the distribution and possible functional role of claudin-19 in the renal tubule. By immunofluorescence staining of mouse kidney, claudin-19 was found to be expressed at the tight junction of the thick ascending limb of Henle, the major site of paracellular Mg2+ reabsorption, where it colocalized with claudin-16, as well as in the thin ascending limb. The role of claudin-19 in paracellular transport was tested by stable transfection into Madin Darby canine kidney II TetOff cells to generate inducible cell lines. Claudin-19 increased the transepithelial electrical resistance and decreased permeability to monovalent and divalent cations, while anion and urea permeability were not affected. Our data suggest that claudin-19 acts as a selective cation barrier at the tight junction. This would be consistent with its physiological role to electrically seal myelinated peripheral neurons. The normal role of claudin-19 in renal tubule function remains to be determined.

renal paracellular transport


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. S. L. Yu, Division of Nephrology, Univ. of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 2025 Zonal Ave., RMR 406, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (e-mail: alanyu{at}usc.edu)




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R. T. Alexander, J. G. Hoenderop, and R. J. Bindels
Molecular Determinants of Magnesium Homeostasis: Insights from Human Disease
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2008; 19(8): 1451 - 1458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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