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1 Division of Nephrology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Syatem, Little Rock, AR, USA
2 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: portilladidier{at}uams.edu.
Recently we demonstrated that Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR
) ligand
ameliorates cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF) by preventing inhibition of substrate oxidation,
and also by preventing apoptosis and necrosis of the proximal tubule. In the following studies we
examined the protective effect of PPAR
ligand on cisplatin-induced inflammatory responses during
ARF. Mice subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin developed ARF at day 3. Cisplatin
increased mRNA and protein expression of TNF
, RANTES and also up-regulated endothelial adhesion
molecules ICAM-1/ VCAM-1, chemokine receptors CCR1/CCR5. Cisplatin also led to neutrophil
infiltration in the cortico-medullary region. Pretreatment of wild-type mice with WY-14,643, a fibrate
class of PPAR
ligands, prior to cisplatin significantly suppressed cisplatin-induced up-regulation of
cytokine/chemokine expression; prevented neutrophil accumulation and ameliorated renal dysfunction.
In contrast, treatment with PPAR
ligand prior to cisplatin did not prevent cytokine/chemokine
production, neutrophil accumulation and did not protect kidney function in PPAR
null mice. In
addition, we observed that cisplatin-induced NF-
B binding activity in nuclear extracts of wild type
mice was markedly reduced by treatment with PPAR
ligand. These results demonstrate that PPAR
exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in kidney tissue by a mechanism that include inhibition of NF-
B
DNA binding activity, and this effect results in inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, cytokine/chemokine
release, and amelioration of cisplatin-induced acute renal failure.
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