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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (June 8, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00122.2004
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Submitted on April 6, 2004
Accepted on June 3, 2004

Three-Dimensional Lateral and Vertical Relationships of Inner Medullary Loops of Henle and Collecting Ducts

Thomas L. Pannabecker1* and William H. Dantzler1

1 Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pannabec{at}u.arizona.edu.

Functional reconstruction of inner medullary thin limbs of Henle and collecting ducts (CDs) has enabled us to characterize distinctive three-dimensional vertical and lateral relationships between these segments. We previously reported that inner medullary descending thin limbs (DTLs) that form a bend at a distance greater than approximately 1mm below the inner medullary base express detectable AQP1 only along the initial 40% of the segment prior to the bend, whereas ClC-K1 is expressed continuously along all ascending thin limbs (ATLs) beginning with the prebend segment. We have now reconstructed individual CDs that are grouped together into single clusters at the base of the inner medulla; CDs belonging to each separate cluster coalesce into a single CD in the deep papilla. DTLs are positioned predominantly at the periphery of each individual CD cluster at all levels of the inner medulla and are absent from within the cluster. In contrast, ATLs are distributed near uniformly amongst the CDs and DTLs at all levels of the inner medulla. A second population of inner medullary DTLs averages about 700 µm in length from base to bend, and as previously reported, expresses no detectable AQP1 and expresses ClC-K1 continuously beginning with the prebend segment. ATLs located within the interior of the CD clusters arise predominantly from these short AQP1-null inner medullary DTLs, suggesting there may be functional interdependence between IMCD1 segments and short-length inner medullary thin limbs exhibiting minimal water permeability along their descending segments. AQP1-expressing DTLs and CDs are apparently separated into two structurally distinct lateral compartments. A similar lateral compartmentation between the ATLs and CDs is not apparent. This architectural arrangement indicates that fluid and solutes may be preferentially transported transversely between multiple inner medullary compartments.




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