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1 Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico
2 Mexico, City, D.F., Mexico; Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico
3 Mexico City, D.F., Mexico; Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico
4 Pathology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico
5 Mexico City, D.F., Mexico; Pathology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, D.F., Mexico
6 Nephrology, Hypertension and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
7 Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: lgsanchezlozada{at}hotmail.com.
Fructose intake has been recently linked to the epidemic of metabolic syndrome, and in turn the metabolic syndrome has been epidemiologically linked with renal progression. The renal hemodynamic effects of fructose intake are unknown, as well as the effects of different routes of administration. Metabolic syndrome was induced in rats over 8 weeks by either a high fructose diet (60%, F60, n=9) or by adding fructose to drinking water (10%, F10, n=9). Body weight and food and fluid intake of each rat were measured weekly during the follow-up. At baseline and at the end of eight weeks systolic blood pressure, plasma uric acid and triglycerides were measured. At the end of Week 8 glomerular hemodynamics was evaluated by micropuncture techniques. Wall thickening in outer cortical and juxtamedullary afferent arterioles were assessed by immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis. Fructose administration either in diet or drinking water induced hypertension, hyperuricemia and hypertriglyceridemia; however there was a progressive increment in these parameters with higher fructose intake (C<F10<F60). In addition, the F60 rats developed kidney hypertrophy, glomerular hypertension, cortical vasoconstriction and arteriolopathy of preglomerular vessels. In conclusion fructose-induced metabolic syndrome is associated with renal disturbances characterized by renal hypertrophy, arteriolopathy, glomerular hypertension, and cortical vasoconstriction. These changes are best observed in rats administered high doses (60% diet) of fructose.
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