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1 Division of Neonatology, Assistance Publique, Hopitaux de Marseille, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
2 UPRES EA2193, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France
3 UPRES EA3281, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France
4 Institut Biomedical des Cordeliers, INSERM U652, Paris, France
5 UPRES EA2193, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, France; Hopitaux de Marseille, Hopital la Conception, Assistance Publique, Marseille, France
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: umberto.simeoni{at}ap-hm.fr.
Various antenatal events impair nephrogenesis in humans as well as in several animal models. The consecutive low nephron endowment may contribute to an increased risk for cardiovascular and renal diseases in adulthood. However, little knowledge is available on the influence of postnatal environment, especially nutrition, on nephrogenesis. Moreover, the consequences of early postnatal nutrition in late adulthood are not clear. We used a model of early postnatal overfeeding (OF) induced by reduction of litter size (3 pups/litter) in rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP, plethysmography), glomerular filtration rate (GFR, clearance of creatinine), glomerular number and volume, and glomerulosclerosis were evaluated in 22 months old aging offspring. Early postnatal OF was associated with increased weight gain during the suckling period (+ 40 %, p <0.01) and a 20 % increase in glomerular number (p < 0.05). However, an increase in SBP at 12 months by an average of 18 mmHg, in proteinuria (2.6 fold) and glomerulosclerosis at 22 months of age were observed in OF male offspring compared to controls. In conclusion, early postnatal OF in the rat enhances postnatal nephrogenesis, but elevated blood pressure and glomerulosclerosis are still observed in male adults. Other factors than glomerular number reduction are likely to contribute to the arterial hypertension induced by early postnatal OF.
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