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1 production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy
1 Division of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nakamura{at}onbich.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Diabetic nephropathy is now the leading cause of end-stage renal diseases, and glomerular sclerotic injury is an initial event which provokes renal dysfunction during processes of diabetes-linked kidney disease. Growing evidence shows that transforming growth factorbeta1
(TGF-
1) plays a key role in this process, especially in eliciting hypertrophy and matrix over-accumulation. Thus, it is important to find a ligand system to antagonize the TGF-1-mediated pathogenesis under high glucose conditions. Herein, we provide evidence that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) targets mesangial cells, suppresses TGF-1 production and minimizes glomerular sclerotic changes, using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. In our murine model, glomerular sclerogenesis (such as tuft area expansion and collagen deposition) progressed between 6 and 10 weeks after the induction of hyperglycemia, during a natural course of diabetic disease. Glomerular HGF expression levels in the diabetic kidney transiently increased but then declined below a basal level, with manifestation of
glomerular sclerogenesis. When anti-HGF IgG was injected into mice for 2 weeks (i.e., from 4th to 6th week after onset of hyperglycemia), these glomerular changes were significantly aggravated. When recombinant HGF was injected into the mice for 4 weeks (i.e., between 6- to 10-weeks following streptozotocin-treatment), progression of glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis was almost completely inhibited, even though glucose levels remained unchanged
(>500 mg/dl). Even more important, HGF repressed TGF-1 production in glomerular mesangial cells even under hyperglycemic conditions both in vitro and in vivo.
Consequently, not only albuminuria but also tubulo-interstitial fibrogenesis were attenuated by HGF. Overall, HGF therapy inhibited the onset of renal dysfunction in the diabetic mice. Based on these findings, we wish to emphasize that HGF plays physiological and therapeutic parts to block renal fibrogenesis during a course of diabetic nephropathy.
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