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1 Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
2 Department of Chemistry and Physics, Federal Center for Meat Research, Kulmbach, Germany
3 Department of Physiology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
4 Department of Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
5 Franz Volhard Clinic Helios Klinikum and Max Delbrueck Center, Medical Faculty of the Charite Berlin, Berlin, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jus.titze{at}t-online.de.
Compared to age-matched men, women are resistant to the hypertensive effects of dietary NaCl; however, after menopause the incidence of salt-sensitive hypertension is similar in women and men. We recently suggested that osmotically inactive Na+ storage contributes to the development of salt-sensitive hypertension. The connective tissues, including those immediately below the skin that may serve as a reservoir for osmotically inactive Na+ storage, are affected by menopause. We tested the hypothesis that ovariectomy (OVX) might reduce osmotically inactive Na+ storage capacity in the body, particularly in the skin. Male, female-fertile, and female OVX SD rats were fed a high (8%) or low (0.1%) NaCl diet. The groups received the diet for 4 or 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, subgroups received 0.9% saline infusion and urinary Na+ and K+ excretion was measured. Wet and dry weight (DW), water content in the body (rTBW) and skin (rSKW), total body Na+ (rTBNa+) and skin Na+ (rSKNa+) content were measured relative to DW by desiccation and dry ashing. There were no gender differences in osmotically inactive Na+ storage in SD rats. All SD rats accumulated Na+ if fed 8% NaCl, but rTBNa+ was lower in OVX rats than in fertile rats on a low (P<0.001) and a high (P<0.05) salt diet. OVX decreased rSKNa+ (P<0.01) in the rats. A high salt diet led to Na+ accumulation (
SKNa+) in the skin in all SD rats. Osmotically inactive skin Na+ accumulation was approximately 66% of SKNa+ in female and 82% in male fertile rats, while there was no osmotically inactive Na+ accumulation in OVX rats fed 8% NaCl. We conclude that skin is an osmotically inactive Na+ reservoir that accumulates Na+ when dietary NaCl is excessive. OVX leads to an aquired reduction of osmotically inactive Na+ storage in SD rats that predisposes the rats to volume excess despite a reduced Na+ content relative to body weight.
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