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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (June 17, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00227.2001
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Submitted on July 20, 2001
Accepted on June 14, 2003

Dynamic alterations of the glomerular charge density in fixed rat kidneys suggest involvement of the endothelial cell coat

Giuliano Ciarimboli1, Clara Hjalmarsson2*, Arend Bokenkamp3, Hans-Joachim Schurek4, and Borje Haraldsson5

1 Division of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Children's Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
2 Department of Physiology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
3 Children's Hospital, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
4 Division of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
5 Department of Nephrology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: clara.hjalmarsson{at}kidney.med.gu.se.

In a previous paper, we found that low ionic strength (I) reversibly reduced the glomerular charge density, suggesting increased volume of the charge-selective barrier. Since glutaraldehyde makes most structures rigid, we considered the isolated perfusion-fixed rat kidney to be an ideal model for further analysis. The fixed kidneys were perfused with albumin solutions containing FITC-Ficoll at two different ionic strengths (I = 151 and 34 mM). At normal I, the fractional clearance, {Theta}, for albumin was 0.0049 (SEM -0.0017, +0.0027, n=6) while {Theta} for neutral Ficoll 35.5A of similar size was significantly higher 0.104 (SEM 0.010, n = 5, p<0.001). At low ionic strength {Theta} for albumin was 0.0030 (SEM -0.0011, + 0.0018, n=6, n.s. from {Theta}albumin at normal I) and {Theta} for Ficoll35.5A was identical to that at normal I, 0.104 (SEM 0.015, n=6, p<0.01 compared to {Theta}albumin at low I). According to a heterogeneous charged fiber model, low ionic strength reduced the fiber density from 0.056 to 0.0315 suggesting a 78 % gel volume expansion. We conclude that (1) there is a significant glomerular charge barrier. (2) Solutions with low ionic strength increase the volume of the charge barrier even in kidneys fixed with glutaraldehyde. Our findings suggest that polysaccharide-rich structures, such as the endothelial cell coat, are key components in the glomerular charge barrier.




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