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1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: k.gibson{at}unsw.edu.au.
Maternal renal disease is associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity. To establish an animal model to study renal dysfunction in pregnancy and its potential role in programming for renal disease and hypertension in adult life, 16 nonpregnant ewes had a kidney removed and a branch of the renal artery of the remaining kidney ligated (STNx). STNx and 15 intact ewes were then time-mated 2.5-17 months later and studied at 119-132 days gestation. STNx had renal hypertrophy and glomerular hyperfiltration. They had higher diastolic arterial pressures (P<0.05), larger left ventricles (P<0.0005), drank more water (P<0.01), were hypochloremic (P<0.01), hyperglycemic (P<0.0005) and had higher plasma creatinines (P<0.0005) compared with intact ewes. Their effective renal plasma flows and glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were lower (P<0.01). Protein excretion was greater (P<0.05). STNx glomerulotubular balance (GTB) was impaired. Proximal tubular sodium reabsorption was reduced (P<0.05) so sodium excretion was increased (P<0.05). STNx filtered potassium (K) loads were reduced (P<0.005) but K excretion was the same as intact ewes. There was net K secretion; in intact ewes there was net reabsorption. Plasma renin and angiotensinogen concentrations in STNx and intact ewes were similar, so the hypertension in STNx ewes was not renin dependent. STNx fetuses were normally grown and had normal blood gases, blood pressure and heart rates. These alterations in maternal fluid and electrolyte balance and the potential risk of maternal salt depletion or hyperkalemia may adversely affect the fetus.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  A. E. Brandon, A. C. Boyce, E. R. Lumbers, and K. J. Gibson Maternal renal dysfunction in sheep is associated with salt insensitivity in female offspring J. Physiol., January 1, 2009; 587(1): 261 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 K. J. Gibson, A. C. Boyce, C. L. Thomson, S. Chinchen, and E. R. Lumbers Interactions between subtotal nephrectomy and salt: effects on blood pressure and renal function in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): R1227 - R1233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. C. Boyce, K. J. Gibson, C. L. Thomson, and E. R. Lumbers Interactions between maternal subtotal nephrectomy and salt: effects on renal function and the composition of plasma in the late gestation sheep fetus Exp Physiol, February 1, 2008; 93(2): 262 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. J. Gibson, A. C. Boyce, B. M. Karime, and E. R. Lumbers Maternal renal insufficiency alters plasma composition and renal function in the fetal sheep Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2007; 292(3): R1204 - R1211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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