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1 Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, United States
2 Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, United States; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary, Chung-Hsing University, United States
3 Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan - Republic of China
4 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, United States
5 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, United States
6 Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, United States
7 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, United States
8 Institue of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chung-Hsing University, United States
9 Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chung-Hsing University, United States
10 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tblin{at}csmu.edu.tw.
The effects of acute increase in intra-ureter pressure (IUP) on the pelvic-urethral reflex potentiation were examined in urethane-anesthetized rats by recording the external urethra sphincter electromyogram (EUSE) activities evoked by the pelvic afferent stimulation. When compared with a single action potential was elicited by the test stimulation (TS, which is characterized by an intensity that evoked a constant reflex response without facilitation, 1/30 Hz, 1.03±0.12 spikes/stimulation, N=7), the repetitive stimulation (RS, with the identical stimulation intensity as the test stimulation, 1Hz) significantly induced spinal reflex potentiation (SRP, 16.90±2.00 spikes/stimulation, P< 0.01, N=7). Such spinal reflex potentiation was significantly attenuated by intrathecal NBQX, a glutamatergic AMPA receptor antagonist and APV, a glutamatergic NMDA antagonist; the spike number per stimulation:11.0±0.70 for NBQX, 1.01±0.30 for APV, and 16.90±2.0 for RS, respectively N=7, P< 0.01. Acute stepwise elevations in the intra-ureter pressure gradually attenuated and eventually abolished the repetitive stimulation-induced spinal reflex potentiation (16.80±1.30, 17.00±1.30, 16.30±1.30, 10.50±1.80, 8.80±1.90, 3.50±1.60, 0.80±0.20, 0.70± 0.20 and 0.20±0.10 spikes/stimulation at intra-ureter pressure of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5 and 20 cmH2O, respectively, N=7). Intrathecal NMDA (a glutamatergic NMDA receptor agonist) and bicuculline GABA receptor antagonist both reversed the abolition on repetitive stimulation-induced spinal reflex potentiation caused by the unilateral ureter distension (14.0±4.04 and 8.00±1.53 spikes/stimulation, respectively, N=7, P< 0.01). All the results suggested unilateral ureter distension might compensatory relax the urethra via a GABAergic inhibition on NMDA-dependent spinal reflex potentiation.
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