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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (October 10, 2006). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00340.2006
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Submitted on August 29, 2006
Accepted on October 5, 2006

New Insights into the Regulation of V-ATPase-Dependent Proton Secretion

Sylvie Breton1* and Dennis Brown1

1 Program in Membrane Biology, Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sbreton{at}partners.org.

The V-ATPase is a key player in several aspects of cellular function, including acidification of intracellular organelles and regulation of extracellular pH. In specialized cells of the kidney, male reproductive tract and osteoclasts, proton secretion via the V-ATPase represents a major process for the regulation of systemic acid/base status, sperm maturation and bone resorption, respectively. These processes are regulated via modulation of the plasma membrane expression and activity of the V-ATPase. The present review describes selected aspects of V-ATPase regulation, including recycling of V-ATPase-containing vesicles to and from the plasma membrane, assembly/disassembly of the two domains (V0 and V1) of the holoenzyme, and coupling ratio between ATP hydrolysis and proton pumping. Modulation of the V-ATPase-rich cell phenotype, and pathophysiology of the V-ATPase in humans and experimental animals are also discussed.




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