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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (June 14, 2005). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00413.2004
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Submitted on November 18, 2004
Accepted on June 6, 2005

Increased expression of ENaC subunits and increased apical targeting of AQP2 in the kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Soo Wan Kim1, Weidong Wang2, Tae-Hwan Kwon3, Mark A. Knepper4, Jorgen Frokiaer5, and Soren Nielsen2*

1 The Water and Salt Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of
2 The Water and Salt Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Institute of Anatomy, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
3 The Water and Salt Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea, Republic of
4 Laboratory of Kidney and Electrolyte Metabolism, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
5 The Water and Salt Research Center, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sn{at}ana.au.dk.

In models of genetic hypertension, renal tubular dysfunction could be involved in the increased sodium and water reabsorption. However, the molecular basis for the increased renal sodium and water retention remains largely undefined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We hypothesized that dysregulation of renal epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), sodium (co)transporters, or aquaporin-2 (AQP2) could be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR. Six wk- or 12 wk-SHR and corresponding age-matched Wistar-Kyoto control rats (WKY) were studied. In both SHR groups, systolic blood pressure was markedly increased, while urine output, creatinine clearance and urinary sodium excretion were decreased compared with corresponding WKY. Moreover, urine osmolality and urine to plasma osmolality ratio were increased compared with WKY. Semiquantitative immunoblotting demonstrated that the protein abundance of {beta}- and {gamma}-subunits of ENaC was increased in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla (cortex/OSOM), and inner stripe of the outer medulla (ISOM) in SHR, while {alpha}ENaC abundance was increased in ISOM. Immunoperoxidase microscopy confirmed the increased labeling of {beta}ENaC and {gamma}ENaC subunits in the late distal convoluted tubule (DCT2), connecting tubule, and cortical and outer medullary collecting duct segments. In contrast, subcellular localization of {alpha}ENaC, {beta}ENaC and {gamma}ENaC was not changed. Expression of NHE3, NKCC2, and NCC was not altered in SHR. AQP2 level was increased in the ISOM in SHR, and immunoperoxidase microscopy demonstrated an increased apical labeling of AQP2 in the inner medullary collecting duct in SHR. These results suggest that the increased protein abundance of ENaC subunits as well as the increased apical targeting of AQP2 may contribute to renal sodium and water retention observed during the development of hypertension in SHR.




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