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1 Systems Biology and Translational Medicine, College of Medicine Texas A&M Health Science Center, college station, Texas, United States
2 Systems Biology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Collge Station, Texas, United States
3 Systems Biology, Texas A&M Health Science Ctr, College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, United States; Systems Biology and Translational Medicine, College of Medicine Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: parrish{at}medicine.tamhsc.edu.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are large family of proteinases which remodel extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cleave a number of cell surface proteins. MMP activity is regulated via a number of mechanisms, including inhibition by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Originally thought to cleave only ECM proteins, MMP substrates are now known to include signaling molecules (growth factor receptors) and cell adhesion molecules. Recent data suggest a role for MMPs in a number of renal pathophysiologies, both acute and chronic. This review will focus on the expression and localization of MMPs and TIMPs in the kidney, as well as summarizing the current information linking these proteins to acute kidney injury, glomerulosclerosis/tubulointerstitial fibrosis, chronic allograft nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma.
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