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1 Institute of Physiology and 2 Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich; 3 Division de Néphrologie, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, CH-1211 Geneva; 4 Department of Biological Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; 5 Institut de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Université de Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; 6 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and The Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Califonia, Berkeley 94720; and 7 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
Aldosterone controls sodium reabsorption and potassium
secretion in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN). Although clearance measurements have shown that aldosterone induces these transports within 30-60 min, no early effects have been
demonstrated in vivo at the level of the apical epithelial sodium
channel (ENaC), the main effector of this regulation. Here we show by
real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence that an aldosterone injection
in adrenalectomized rats induces
-ENaC subunit expression along the
entire ASDN within 2 h, whereas
- and
-ENaC are
constitutively expressed. In the proximal ASDN portions only, ENaC is
shifted toward the apical cellular pole and the apical plasma membrane within 2 and 4 h, respectively. To address the question of whether the early aldosterone-induced serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase
(SGK) might mediate this apical shift of ENaC, we analyzed SGK
induction in vivo. Two hours after aldosterone, SGK was highly induced
in all segment-specific cells of the ASDN, and its level decreased
thereafter. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, SGK
induced ENaC activation and surface expression by a kinase
activity-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, the rapid in vivo
accumulation of SGK and
-ENaC after aldosterone injection takes
place along the entire ASDN, whereas the translocation of
,
,
-ENaC to the apical plasma membrane is restricted to its
proximal portions. Results from oocyte experiments suggest the
hypothesis that a localized activation of SGK may play a role in the
mediation of ENaC translocation.
Xenopus laevis oocytes; sodium transport; kidney; collecting duct; epithelial sodium channel; serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase
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