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REVIEW

Biology of claudins

¹Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and ²Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

Submitted 21 April 2008 ; accepted in final form 13 May 2008

ABSTRACT

Claudins are a family of tight junction membrane proteins that regulate paracellular permeability of epithelia, likely by forming the lining of the paracellular pore. Claudins are expressed throughout the renal tubule, and mutations in two claudin genes are now known to cause familial hypercalciuric hypomagnesemia with nephrocalcinosis. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the physiological role of various claudins in normal kidney function, and in understanding the fundamental biology of claudins, including the molecular basis for selectivity of permeation, claudin interactions in tight junction formation, and regulation of claudins by protein kinases and other intracellular signals.

tight junction; paracellular; permeability

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