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Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (April 1, 2009). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90476.2008
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Submitted on August 7, 2008
Revised on March 26, 2009
Accepted on March 26, 2009

The renin-angiotensin system and the third mechanism of renal blood flow autoregulation

Erdmann Seeliger1*, Thomas Wronski2, Mechthild Ladwig1, Leszek Dobrowolski3, Torsten Vogel, Michael Godes4, Pontus B. Persson5, and Bert Flemming1

1 Charite CCM Berlin
2 Johannes-Mller-Institut fr Physiologie, HU Berlin
3 M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences
4 Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
5 Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: erdmann.seeliger{at}charite.de.

Autoregulation of renal blood flow comprises three mechanisms: the myogenic response (MR), the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF), and a third mechanism (3M). The nature of 3M is unknown; it may be related to hypotensive resetting of autoregulation that probably relies on pressure-dependent stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Thus, we used a normotensive angiotensin II clamp in anesthetized rats and studied autoregulation 1) by slow ramp-shaped reductions in renal perfusion pressure (RPP) followed by ramp-shaped RPP restorations, and 2) by means of the step response technique: following 30 s of either total or partial suprarenal aortic occlusion, a step increase in RPP is made and the response of renal vascular conductance analyzed to assess the mechanisms' strength and initial direction (vasodilation or constriction). The angiotensin clamp abolished the resetting of autoregulation during ramp-shaped RPP changes. Under control conditions, the initial TGF response was dilatory following total occlusions, but constrictive following partial occlusions. The initial 3M response presented a mirror image to the TGF: it was constrictive following total, but dilatory following partial occlusions. The angiotensin clamp suppressed the TGF and turned the initial 3M response following total occlusions into dilation. We conclude that 1) pressure-dependent RAS stimulation is a major cause behind hypotensive resetting of autoregulation, 2) TGF sensitivity strongly depends on pressure-dependent changes in RAS activity, 3) the 3M is modulated, but not mediated by the RAS, and 4) the 3M acts as a counterbalance to the TGF and might possibly be related to the recently described connecting tubule glomerular feedback.







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